Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow

(All amounts in United States Dollars, unless otherwise stated)

(The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(All amounts in United States Dollars, unless otherwise stated)

1.    INTRODUCTION

Indus Gas Limited ("Indus Gas" or "the Company") was incorporated in the Island of Guernsey on 4 March 2008 pursuant to an Act of the Royal Court of the Island of Guernsey. The Company was set up to act as the holding Company of iServices Investments Limited. ("iServices") and Newbury Oil Co. Limited ("Newbury"). iServices and Newbury are companies incorporated in Mauritius and Cyprus, respectively. iServices was incorporated on 18 June 2003 and Newbury was incorporated on 17 February 2005. The Company was listed on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) of the London Stock Exchange on 6 June 2008. Indus Gas through its wholly owned subsidiaries iServices and Newbury (hereinafter collectively referred to as "the Group") are engaged in the business of oil and gas exploration, development and production.     

Focus Energy Limited ("Focus"), an entity incorporated in India, entered into a Production Sharing Contract ("PSC") with the Government of India ("GOI") and Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited ("ONGC") on 30 June 1998 for petroleum exploration and development concession in India known as RJ-ON/06 ("the Block"). Focus is the Operator of the Block. On 13 January 2006, iServices and Newbury entered into an interest sharing agreement with Focus and obtained a 65 per cent and 25 per cent share respectively in the Block. The balance of 10 per cent of participating interest is owned by Focus. The participating interest explained above is subject to any option exercised by ONGC in respect of individual fields (already exercised for all the wells in SGL field as further explained in note 3).

2.   GENERAL INFORMATION

The consolidated financial statements of the Group have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ('IFRS') as adopted by the European Union ('EU'). The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis (refer to note 27) and are presented in United States Dollar (US$). The functional currency of the Company as well as its subsidiaries is US$.

3.   JOINTLY CONTROLLED ASSETS

As explained above, the Group through its subsidiaries-iServices and Newbury has an "Interest sharing arrangement" with Focus in the block, which under IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements, is classified as a 'Joint operation'. All rights and obligations in respect of exploration, development and production of oil and gas resources under the 'Interest sharing agreement' are shared between Focus, iServices and Newbury in the ratio of 10 per cent, 65 per cent and 25 per cent respectively.

Under the PSC, the GOI, through ONGC has an option to acquire a 30 per cent participating interest in any discovered field, upon such successful discovery of oil or gas reserves, which has been declared as commercially feasible to develop.

The block is divided into 3 fields - SGL, SSG and SSF.

The SGL field received its declaration of commercial discovery on 21 January 2008. Subsequent to the declaration of commercial discovery in SGL field, ONGC exercised the option to acquire a 30 per cent participating interest in the discovered fields on 6 June 2008. The exercise of this option would reduce the interest of the existing partners proportionately.

However, on exercise of this option, ONGC is liable to pay its share of 30 per cent of the SGL field development costs and production costs incurred after 21 January 2008 and in order to be entitled to their 30 per cent share in the production of gas subject to recovery of contract costs as explained below. 

The allocation of the production from the field to each participant in any year is determined on the basis of the respective proportion of each participant's cumulative unrecovered contract costs as at the end of the previous year or where there is no unrecovered contract cost at the end of previous year on the basis of participating interest of each such participant in the field.

On the basis of the above, gas production for the year ended 31 March 2022 continues to be  shared between Focus, iServices and Newbury in the ratio of 10 percent, 65 percent and 25 percent, respectively. ONGC will not be entitled to any participating interest in the production until the full exploration and development cost is recovered by other participants. 

The aggregate amounts relating to jointly controlled assets, liabilities, expenses and commitments related thereto that have been included in the consolidated financial statements are as follows:

Further, the SSG and SSF field also received its declaration of commerciality on 24th November 2014. Subsequent to the declaration of commerciality for SSG and SSF discovery, ONGC did not exercise the option to acquire 30 percent in respect of SSG and SSF field. The participating interest in SSG and SSF field between Focus, iServices and Newbury will remain in ratio of 10 percent, 65 percent and 25 percent respectively for exploration, evaluation and development cost, and production revenue for SSG and SSF in the block.

4.   NEW AND AMENDED STANDARDS ADOPTED BY THE GROUP

There are few Standards, interpretations or amendments that have been issued prior to the date of approval of these financial statements and endorsed by IASB. Following are the amendments that applicable from financial year beginning 1 January 2021.

a.   Interest Rate Benchmark Reform (Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16)

b.   COVID-19 Rent Related Concessions beyond 30 June 2021 (Amendments to IFRS 16)

These amendments do not have a significant impact on the Financial Statements and therefore the disclosures have not been made.

As at 31 March 2022, the Group held bank loans that reference USD LIBOR which will have their last LIBOR fixing set before the relevant USD LIBORs ceases publication on 30 June 2023.

5.   STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS ISSUED BUT NOT EFFECTIVE AND YET TO BE APPLIED BY THE GROUP

A number of new and amended accounting standards and interpretations have been published that are not mandatory for the Group's accounts ended 31 March 2022, nor have they been early adopted. These standards and interpretations are not expected to have a material impact on the Group's consolidated financial statements:

i.    References to the Conceptual Framework

ii.   Proceeds before Intended Use (Amendments to IAS 16)

iii.  Onerous Contracts - Cost of Fulfilling a Contract (Amendments to IAS 37, effective from 1 January 2022)

iv.  Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2018-2020 Cycle (Amendments to IFRS 1, IFRS 9, IFRS 16, IAS 41, effective from 1 January 2022)

v.   Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current (Amendments to IAS 1) (effective from 1 January 2023).

vi.  Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities from a single transaction. (Amendments to IAS 12, effective from 1 January 2023)

6.   SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical basis, except where specified below. A summary of the significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements are detailed below.

6.1.        BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the parent company and all of its subsidiary undertakings drawn up to 31 March 2022. The Group consolidates entities which it controls. Control exists when the parent has power over the entity, is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns by using its power over the entity. Power is demonstrated through existing rights that give the ability to direct relevant activities, those which significantly affect the entity's returns.

The Group recognises in relation to its interest in a joint operation: 

a.         its assets, including its share of any assets held jointly;

b.         its liabilities, including its share of any liabilities incurred jointly;

c.         its revenue from the sale of its share of the output arising from the joint operation;

d.         its share of the revenue from the sale of the output by the joint operation; and

e.         its expenses, including its share of any expenses incurred jointly.

Intra-Group balances and transactions, and any unrealised gains and losses arising from intra-Group transactions are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements. Amounts reported in the financial statements of subsidiaries have been adjusted where necessary to ensure consistency with the accounting policies adopted by the Group.

Profit or losses of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are recognised from the date of control of acquisition, or up to the effective date of disposal, as applicable.

6.2.       SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES

In preparing consolidated financial statements, the Group's management is required to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statement and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Although these estimates are based on management's best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results may ultimately differ from those estimates. The management's estimates for the useful life and residual value of tangible assets, impairment of tangible and intangible assets and recognition of provision for decommissioning represent certain particularly sensitive estimates. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. Information about significant judgments, estimates and assumptions that have the most significant effect on recognition and measurement of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses is provided in note 26.

6.3.       FOREIGN CURRENCIES

The consolidated financial statements have been presented in US$ which is the functional currency of the Company and the group entities.

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency of the respective Group entities, using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions (spot exchange rate).

Functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates. Despite having operations in India, all revenues are reported and contracts are priced in US dollars.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional currency spot rates of exchange at the reporting date. Differences arising on settlement or translation of monetary items and other foreign currency transactions are recognized in consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are recorded in the functional currency of the entity using the exchange rates at the date of the transaction.

6.4.       REVENUE RECOGNITION

In accordance with IFRS 15, Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when or as the Company satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of a promised good or service to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for the sale of products and service, net of taxes on sales, estimated rebates and other similar allowances.

Sale of gas

The contracts with customers establish, a single performance obligation in relation to supply of natural gas. The transfer of control of natural gas coincides with title passing to the customer and the customer taking physical possession. The whole of the transaction price of the contract is allocated to supply of natural gas and the revenue has been recognised on point in time basis when the quantities of natural gas are supplied to the customers.  

Take or pay: Any payment received on account of lesser gas volume lifted by the customer against the 'annual contracted volume 'for which an obligation exists to make-up such differential gas in subsequent periods is recognised as Contract Liabilities in the year of receipt. Revenue in respect of take or pay obligation is recognised when such gas is actually supplied or when the customer's right to make up is expired, whichever is earlier. For other contracts, where the Company does not have any obligation to make up such gas in subsequent period is directly recognised as revenue.

Revenue from technical services

The Company provides technical and commercial feasibility reports to its customers to assist them in their evaluation of investments in oil and gas fields. Each report is considered as a separate performance obligation and the transfer of control of reports coincides with acceptance of reports by the customer. The price charged for each such report is reflective of its standalone selling price and the revenue has been recognised on point in time basis on acceptance of the report by its customers.

6.5.       PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment comprises development assets and other properties, plant and equipment used in the gas fields and for administrative purposes. These assets are stated at cost plus decommissioning cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Development assets are accumulated on a field by field basis and comprise costs of developing the commercially feasible reserve, expenditure on the construction, installation or completion of infrastructure facilities such as platforms, pipelines and other costs of bringing such reserves into production. It also includes the exploration and evaluation costs incurred in discovering the commercially feasible reserve, which have been transferred from the exploration and evaluation assets as per the policy mentioned in note 6.6. As consistent with the full cost method, all exploration and evaluation expenditure incurred up to the date of the commercial discovery have been classified under development assets of that field.

The carrying values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying values may not be recoverable.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on de-recognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income of the year in which the asset is derecognized. However, where the asset is being consumed in developing exploration and evaluation intangible assets, such gain or loss is recognized as part of the cost of the intangible asset.

The asset's residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each period end. No depreciation is charged on development assets until production commences.

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is provided at rates estimated by the management. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method of depreciation, whereby each asset is written down to its estimated residual value evenly over its expected useful life.  The useful lives estimated by the management are as follows:

Land acquired is recognized at cost and no depreciation is charged as it has an unlimited useful life.

Production assets are depreciated from the date of commencement of production, on a field by field basis with reference to the unit of production method for the commercially probable and proven reserves in the particular field.

Advances paid for the acquisition/ construction of property, plant and equipment which are outstanding as at the end of the reporting period and the cost of property, plant and equipment under construction before such date are disclosed as 'Capital work-in-progress'.

6.6.       EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS

The Group adopts the full cost method of accounting for its oil and gas interests, having regard to the requirements of IFRS 6: Exploration for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources. Under the full cost method of accounting, all costs of exploring for and evaluating oil and gas properties, whether productive or not are accumulated and capitalized by reference to appropriate cost pools. Such cost pools are based on geographic areas and are not larger than a segment. The Group currently has one cost pool being an area of land located in Rajasthan, India.

Exploration and evaluation costs may include costs of license acquisition, directly attributable exploration costs such as technical services and studies, seismic data acquisition and processing, exploration drilling and testing, technical feasibility, commercial viability costs, finance costs to the extent they are directly attributable to financing these activities and an allocation of administrative and salary costs as determined by management. All costs incurred prior to the award of an exploration license are written off as a loss in the year incurred.

Exploration and evaluation costs are classified as tangible or intangible according to the nature of the assets acquired and the classification is applied consistently. Tangible exploration and evaluation assets are recognized and measured in accordance with the accounting policy on property, plant and equipment. To the extent that such a tangible asset is consumed in developing an intangible exploration and evaluation asset, the amount reflecting that consumption is recorded as part of the cost of the intangible asset.

Exploration and evaluation assets are not amortized prior to the conclusion of appraisal activities. Where technical feasibility and commercial viability is demonstrated, the carrying value of the relevant exploration and evaluation asset is reclassified as a development and production asset and tested for impairment on the date of reclassification. Impairment loss, if any, is recognized.

The group has completed exploration and evaluation phase in 2017 when field development plan has been approved by Directorate General of Hydrocarbons ('DGH') i.e., technical feasibility and commercial viability were demonstrable. Therefore, any cost incurred thereafter on development activities is capitalised directly to development assets.

6.7.   IMPAIRMENT TESTING FOR EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS AND PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which an asset's cash-generating unit's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value, reflecting market conditions less costs to sell, and value in use based on an internal discounted cash flow evaluation.

Where there are indicators that an exploration asset may be impaired, the exploration and evaluation assets are grouped with all development/producing assets belonging to the same geographic segment to form the Cash Generating Unit (CGU) for impairment testing. Where there are indicators that an item of property, plant and equipment asset is impaired, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows to form the CGU. The combined cost of the CGU is compared against the CGU's recoverable amount and any resulting impairment loss is written off in the profit or loss of the year. No impairment has been recognized during the year.

An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the Group estimates the asset's or CGU's recoverable amount. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset's recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognized in profit or loss unless the asset is carried at a re-valued amount, in which case the reversal is treated as a revaluation increase.

6.8.       FINANCIAL ASSETS

Financial Instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument. Financial assets are derecognized when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or when the financial asset and all substantial risks and rewards are transferred. A financial liability is derecognized when it is extinguished, discharged, cancelled or expires. Except for trade receivables that are measured at transaction price in accordance with IFRS 15, financial assets and financial liabilities are measured initially at fair value plus transactions costs, except for financial assets and financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss, which are measured initially at fair value. The value of interest free financial assets and financial liabilities with short term maturities are not discounted at initial recognition if the impact is not material. Financial assets and financial liabilities are measured subsequently as described below.

Recognition of Financial Asset

On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at  

 - Amortized cost;

 - Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) - debt investment;

 - Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) - equity investment; or

 - Fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)

Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition, except if and in the period the Group changes its business model for managing financial assets.

All financial asset are measured at amortized cost if they meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:

·    The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

·    The category determines subsequent measurement and whether any resulting income and expense is recognized in consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

After initial recognition, financials assets at amortized cost are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

Impairment of financial assets

IFRS 9's impairment requirements use more forward-looking information to recognise expected credit losses - the 'expected credit loss (ECL) model'. The Group considers a broader range of information when assessing credit risk and measuring expected credit losses, including past events, current conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the expected collectability of the future cash flows of the instrument.

In applying this forward-looking approach, a distinction is made between:

·    financial instruments that have not deteriorated significantly in credit quality since initial recognition or that have low credit risk and

·    financial instruments that have deteriorated significantly in credit quality since initial recognition and whose credit risk is not low.

·    financial assets that have objective evidence of impairment at the reporting date.

'12-month expected credit losses' are recognised for the first category while 'lifetime expected credit losses' are recognised for the second category.

The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. For trade receivables only, the Group applies the simplified approach required by IFRS 9, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables.

6.9.       FINANCIAL LIABILITIES

The Group's financial liabilities include borrowings, trade payables and other payables which are classified as financial liabilities recognized at amortized cost. Financial liabilities are measured subsequently at amortized cost using the effective interest method except for financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss ("FVTPL"), that are carried subsequently at fair value with gains or losses recognized in profit or loss in consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

6.10.      INVENTORIES

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Inventories of drilling stores and spares are accounted at cost including taxes, duties and freight. The cost of all inventories other than drilling bits is computed on the basis of the first in first out method. The cost for drilling bits is computed based on specific identification method.

6.11.      ACCOUNTING FOR INCOME TAXES

Income tax assets and/or liabilities comprise those obligations to, or claims from, fiscal authorities relating to the current or prior reporting period that are unrecovered/unpaid at the date of the statement of financial position. They are calculated according to the tax rates and tax laws applicable to the fiscal periods to which they relate, based on the taxable profit for the year. All changes to current tax assets or liabilities are recognized as a component of tax expense in consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

Deferred income taxes are calculated using the balance sheet method on temporary differences.  This involves the comparison of the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statement with their tax base. The cost incurred on each field is claimed as deduction from the year of commercial production. Deferred tax is, however, neither provided on the initial recognition of goodwill, nor on the initial recognition of an asset or liability unless the related transaction is a business combination or affects tax or accounting profit. Tax losses available to be carried forward as well as other income tax credits to the Group are assessed for recognition as deferred tax assets.

Deferred tax liabilities are always provided for in full. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that they will be offset against future taxable income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated, without discounting, at tax rates and laws that are expected to apply to their respective period of realization, provided they are enacted or substantively enacted at the date of the statement of financial position.

Changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognized as a component of tax expense in profit or loss of the year, except where they relate to items that are charged or credited directly to other comprehensive income or equity in which case the related deferred tax is also charged or credited directly to other comprehensive income or equity.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.

6.12.      BORROWING COSTS

Any interest payable on funds borrowed for the purpose of obtaining qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, is capitalized as a cost of that asset until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. While the Company has not made any specific borrowings for construction of a qualifying asset, they have capitalized certain borrowing costs on account of general borrowings at an average rate of borrowings for the Company in terms of IAS 23 'Borrowing Costs'.

Any associated interest charge from funds borrowed principally to address a short-term cash flow shortfall during the suspension of development activities is expensed in the period. Transaction costs incurred towards an unutilized debt facility is treated as prepayments to be adjusted against the carrying value of debt as and when drawn.

6.13.      CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, at bank in demand deposits and deposit with maturities of 3 months or less from inception, which are readily convertible to known amounts of cash. These assets are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value.

6.14.      LEASING ACTIVITIES

IFRS 16 supersedes IAS 17 Leases.  All contracts that meet the definition of a lease will be recorded in the consolidated statements of financial position with a "Right of use" asset and a corresponding lease liability. The Group has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and for leases of low-value assets.

In accordance with management's evaluation, the Group's leases do not fall under the definition of leases as per the standard since the Group does not have the right to direct the use of leased asset. The operator of the block i.e. Focus Energy Limited has entered the lease agreements and it has not been subleased to joint arrangement. Therefore, the Group recognizes its share in the lease cost from the operations in accordance with the IFRS 6 "Exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources".

Where the Group makes the lease payments in respect of its share of lease cost for exploration and evaluation activities or development and production activities, these are capitalized as part of the cost of these assets (Exploration and evaluation, development and production assets).

6.15.      OTHER PROVISIONS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Provisions are recognized when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event. It is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

Where the Group expects some or all of provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognized as a separate asset but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to any provision net of any reimbursement is recognized in profit or loss of the year. To the extent such expense is incurred for construction or development of any asset, it is included in the cost of that asset. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as other finance expenses.

Provisions include decommissioning provisions representing management's best estimate of the Group's liability for restoring the sites of drilled wells to their original status. Provision for decommissioning is recognized at the present value of the estimated future expenditure when the Group has an obligation and a reliable estimate can be made, with a corresponding addition to property, plant and equipment which is subsequently depreciated as part of the asset.

Commitments and contingent liabilities are not recognized in the financial statements. They are disclosed unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is remote.

A contingent asset is not recognized but disclosed in the financial statements when an inflow of economic benefits is probable but when it is virtually certain than the asset is recognized in the financial statements.

In those cases, where the possible outflow of economic resource as a result of present obligations is considered improbable or remote, or the amount to be provided for cannot be measured reliably, no liability is recognized in the statement of financial position and no disclosure is made.

6.16.      SEGMENT REPORTING

Operating segments are identified on the basis of internal reports about components of the Group that are regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker in order to allocate resources to the segments and to assess their performance. The Company considers that it operates in a single operating segment being the production and sale of gas.