N4 Pharma Plc and its controlled entities

Notes to the condensed interim financial statements for the six months ended 30 June 2023

1.      Corporate Information

N4 Pharma Plc (the "Company") is the holding company for N4 Pharma UK Limited ("N4 UK"), and together form the group (the "Group"). N4 UK is a specialist pharmaceutical company engaged in the development of mesoparticulate silica delivery systems to improve the cellular delivery and potency of vaccines. The nature of the business is not deemed to be impacted by seasonal fluctuations and as such performance is expected to be consistent.

The Company is domiciled in England and Wales and was incorporated and registered in England and Wales on 6 July 1979 as a public limited company and its shares are admitted to trading on AIM (LSE: N4P). The Company's registered office is located at 6th Floor, 60 Gracechurch Street, London, EC3V 0HR.

2.      Accounting Policies

Adoption of New and Revised International Financial Reporting Standards

The standards and interpretations that are issued, but not yet effective, up to the date of the issuance of the consolidated interim financial statements are disclosed below. The Group intends to adopt these standards, if applicable, when they become effective.

Basis of Preparation:

The Group's condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard ("IAS") 34, "Interim Financial Reporting".

The annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2022 were prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as adopted by the European Union.

The condensed consolidated interim financial information for the six months ended 30 June 2023 are unaudited. In the opinion of the Directors, the condensed consolidated interim financial information presents fairly the financial position, and results from operations and cash flows for the period.

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements been prepared on the basis of accounting principles applicable to a going concern.  The Directors consider that the Group will have access to adequate resources, to meet the operational requirements for at least 12 months from the date of approval of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements. For this reason, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

The financial statements are presented in Sterling, which is the Group's functional currency as the UK is the primary environment in which it operates.

Basis of Consolidation:

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS 2, as a result of the consolidation of the Company and N4 UK, constituting a reverse takeover transaction, for the comparative six month period ended 30 June 2022 and the comparative twelve month period to 31 December 2022 and the current six month period ended 30 June 2023. 

Significant Accounting Policies:

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, as modified for the following items, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ('IFRS') as adopted by the European Union:

•      Share-based payments related to investment acquisition are measured at fair value shown in the Merger Reserve.

•      Share-based payments related to employee costs are measured at fair value shown in the Statement of     Comprehensive Income.

•      The associated Share Options are measured at fair value using the Black Scholes model (see note 9).

All accounting policies are consistent with those applied in the Annual Report and there have been no amendments or changes in accounting policies during the period.

Segmental reporting:

The Group operated in one business segment, that of the development and commercialisation of medicines via its delivery system called Nuvec®. No revenue has yet been generated by any of the work undertaken by the Group.

The Directors consider that there are no identifiable business segments that are subject to risks and returns different to the core business. The information reported to the Directors, for the purposes of resource allocation and assessment of performance, is based wholly on the overall activities of the Group.

Seasonality

The nature of the business is not deemed to be impacted by seasonal fluctuations and as such performance is expected to be consistent.

3.      Critical Accounting Judgements and Estimates

The preparation of the condensed consolidated interim financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make certain estimates, assumptions and judgements that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.

In the process of applying the Group's accounting policies, management has decided the following estimates and assumptions are material to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities recognised in the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Critical judgements

Research and development expenditure

The key judgements surrounding the Research & Development expenditure is whether the expenditure meets the criteria for capitalisation. Expenditure will only be capitalised when the recognition criteria is met and is otherwise written off to the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. The recognition criteria include the identification of a clearly defined project with separately identifiable expenditure where the outcome of the project, in terms of its technical feasibility and commercial viability, can be measured or assessed with reasonable certainty and that sufficient resources exist to complete a profitable project. In the event that these criteria are met, and it is probable that future economic benefit attributable to the product will flow to the Group, then the expenditure will be capitalised.

Impairment of investments and intercompany debtors

N4 UK has sustained losses and the Statement of Financial position is in deficit. The recoverability of the intercompany debtor and the cost of investment is dependent on the future profitability and success of the entity, which is in a research phase and has not therefore generated any revenue to date. Having considered research progress during the period and future prospects of N4 UK, the Directors do not consider that there are indicators of impairment in respect of these balances. This is a significant judgement.

4.      Share Capital

All ordinary shares rank equally in all respects, including for dividends, shareholder attendance and voting rights at meetings, on a return of capital and in a winding-up.

The 137,674,431 deferred shares of 4p, have no right to dividends nor do the holders thereof have the right to receive notice of or to attend or vote at any general meeting of the Company. On a return of capital or on a winding up of the Company, the holders of the deferred shares shall only be entitled to receive the amount paid up on such shares after the holders of the ordinary shares have received the sum of £1,000,000 for each ordinary share held by them.

The 279,176,540 deferred shares of 0.99p shall be entitled to receive a special dividend, which is payable upon the repayment to the Company of any amount owed under certain loan agreements, after which the Company shall, in priority to any distribution to any other class of share, pay to the holders of the Special Deferred Shares an aggregate amount equal to the amount repaid pro rata according to the number of such shares paid up as to their nominal value held by each shareholder. They shall be entitled to no other distribution save for a special dividend and shall not be entitled to receive notice of or attend or vote at a general meeting of the Company. On a return of capital on a winding up of the Company, they shall only be entitled to receive the amount paid up on such shares up to a maximum of 0.9 pence per share after the holders of the Ordinary Shares and the Deferred Shares have received their return on capital.

5.      Reserves

The share premium account represents the amount received on the issue of ordinary shares by the Company in excess

of their nominal value and issue costs and is non-distributable.

The merger relief reserve arose on the Company's acquisition of N4 UK and consists of both the consideration shares and deferred consideration amounting to £279,347. There is no legal share premium on the shares issued as consideration as section 612 of the Companies Act 2006, which deals with merger relief, applies in respect of the acquisition.

The reverse acquisition reserve arises due to the elimination of the Company's investment in N4 UK. Since the shareholder in N4 UK became a shareholder of the Company, the acquisition is accounted for as though the legal acquiree (N4 UK) is the accounting acquirer.

6.      Share-based Payments and Share Option Reserve

Options 

The Company has the ability to issue options to Directors to compensate them for services rendered and incentivise them to add value to the Group's longer-term share value. Equity settled share-based payments are measured at fair value at the date of grant. The fair value determined is charged to the Comprehensive Income Statement on a straight-line basis over the vesting period based on the Group's estimate of the number of shares that will vest.

Cancellations of equity instruments are treated as an acceleration of the vesting period and any outstanding charge is recognised in full immediately.

Fair value is measured using a Black Scholes pricing model. The key assumptions used in the model have been adjusted based on management's best estimate for the effects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioral considerations. The inputs into the model were as follows:

As at 30 June 2023, there were 7,046,513 (30 June 2022: 7,046,513, 31 December 2022: 7,046,513) options in existence over ordinary shares of the Company.

Options in existence during the current and previous periods and year are as follows:

Each option entitles the holder to subscribe for one ordinary share in N4 Pharma Plc. Options do not confer any voting rights on the holder.

The aggregate fair value of the share options issued is as follows:

Warrants

Warrants in existence during the current and previous year are the follows:

The warrants entitle holders to subscribe for new ordinary shares at any time in the period of three years following the grant of the warrants. The expiry date for the warrants is 23 November 2025.

Fair value is measured using a Black Scholes pricing model.

An amount of £11,993 has been recognised in the Share Premium and in the Share Option Reserve in relation to the warrants (30 June 2022: £nil).

7.    Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the loss after tax attributable (excluding the deemed cost of acquisition) to the equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of shares in issue during the period.

Diluted earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of shares outstanding to assume conversion of all potential dilutive shares, namely share options.

8.   Related Party Transactions

During the period to 30 June 2023, the non-executive directors' fees amounted to £24,000 (6 months to 30 June 2022: £24,000.00, 12 months to 31 December 2022: £48,000.00).

9.   Subsequent Events

There are no significant subsequent events that require adjustment or disclosure in these condensed consolidated interim financial statements.